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TEDx Talks
Published: 2015-01-15
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tLQoncvCKxs
I thank you yes so I'd like to talk about IT big data an artificial intelligence but before I do that like to give you a scenario so that that Jane %HESITATION lives in in London and New at sports shop is just none has high street I'm that being an avid sports find Jane goes down and %HESITATION once public run the shop she goes to the door
wasn't browsers around doesn't really see anything she likes in these now a little too I think jet Jane %HESITATION change realization when you walk through the door which didn't really pay much attention to the I. terms and conditions or written Alan the door should walk through attendant terms and conditions that stated that that the shop has the right to follow around to add twenty four hours
a day to to take notes about what she likes what she doesn't like and to the reason why they won this information this data is that so they can predict and the types of %HESITATION products and %HESITATION and stuff that she'd like to buy so John is that a sign to James Cason John follows her around at twenty four hours a day making notes he realizes
that he's forty years old she has two kids %HESITATION he has a Persian genes he likes sports of course %HESITATION she eyed guy trains betrothed clones of the weekend heats power Bosnian the protein bars she drinks glucose drinks are just a high stress job and %HESITATION and actually at that John has followed quite a lot of women around in his life only freeze work of course
not and that and that he made us stuffing realization that about forty of the women that Jane has four ad that I Jonas followed around how Barry Mason the profiles to Jane turned out that had a high proportion of them have very aggressive Americans okay so large a proportion of these women %HESITATION that have very very similar %HESITATION the characteristics is as Jane how they said
these ran high aggressive form of Americans now I wanna ask you a question should we should religion know this information I need to think about the consequences of not letting her and think about the consequences of of %HESITATION of her dying at a younger age other cost on her children cost to society but what if we do tell let Jay know let let her know that
she has a high chance of %HESITATION of of varying cancer and that she doesn't and not because of stress so just a quick show of hands he thinks we should tell Jane add that she %HESITATION has a high chance okay how to see it go be like in my face and that he thinks we shouldn't tell Jane okay and who doesn't know yeah kind of exactly
right we yeah we have these that these questions are these ethical legal and moral questions that we're currently trying to deal with right now and I don't think anybody would yeah yeah so what I'm gonna try to do is present you with a framework %HESITATION framework to end the strike on the stand data driven decision making and then hopefully use that framework to %HESITATION to raise
some of these important moral and ethical questions so the framework because of five components and I want you to really try remember these the five components on data information knowledge understanding and wisdom okay what what is data we've we've seen lots of words %HESITATION lot lots of references to data what he states I in Latin date data means given things which I took to the stuff
I data is letters numbers at pictures %HESITATION it say it's all the stuff on the internet it's a it's a list of the connected via computers and %HESITATION at two one zero two eight zero is data it's not a could not be date of birth that could be a %HESITATION could be a so code it could be how much money hi I have a my accounts
it's none too you actually contextualize data does it become useful and just so you know big data just means lots of symbols means more symbols income process on a single machine so if you think about all the stuff that's in Twitter all of the movies I've ever been created all that these two movies it's more than you can process and store in a single machines oil
big data bases all of this stuff tribute to the cross the internet in companies and your emails and all things like that so information is data in context as I said is that it's that when you come to contextualize data then it becomes useful so that number I gave you two one zero two eight zero is the date of birth I was a huge movement at
the moment going on behind the scenes of the internet cold league data why what we're doing is we're empowering machines %HESITATION to to give meaning to data we're actually giving giving out that piece of data %HESITATION meaning and linking it all together and I think could you all to go away and look up link data because it's really going to change the world and once we
start to you link they fit together and give it meaning that we can start to ask some very interesting so we can organize it written query it and I would argue that the definition of knowledge is the well organization of %HESITATION all of information once we organize information once we've identified some pop trains we can start to know things so we might know that when the
weather is warm that that is that there's a high chance of %HESITATION as I can ice cream sales right so at such a huge amount of work that's being done in computer science attitude to identify patterns and and and predictions in in data fine using visualization using machine learning how to to process all this information to try and find but knowing that as something doesn't mean
that we understand that and that's the fourth part of the spring so we know that when the weather is warm that there's no ice cream cells and that we can use our intelligence to understand why that's the case because winds will mother humans warmer we like to be cool down so we called a cult thing and actually computers find it very very difficult to understand to
interpret knowledge it says there's a huge amount research I try to figure out how we can we can do that but just knowing just understanding that when the weather's warm there's no ice cream being sold doesn't mean anything what we need to do now who's making decisions based on that maybe if you're nice screen company you can go and %HESITATION and and and predicts that this
can be warm weather next week and then therefore try and sell more ice cream and that's about final part of the the the the framework is wisdom is the utilize ation all understand it using our understanding to make better decisions I'm these are the spy components are starting to be brought together now with academia I would building systems the aggregate data that that mine in the
look at big data to find patterns in it and try to make decisions based on some of those past and %HESITATION and I would argue that that's on the verge of artificial intelligence that's what we do I we we look at all of the data we got through all together and we %HESITATION build models and we we execute on those models and we make decisions and
once you start to bring all of these different components together in a computer that I would argue that that's true artificial intelligence if I'm the best definition of intelligence I've ever found is goal directed adaptive behavior the ideas you've got a goal Andy can behave will act in the world %HESITATION to try to achieve that goal and how it's the most important word in that definition
is adaptive that's what we do really well that computers don't do so well but in the in the next decade perhaps we can get computers that can automatically learn Orton %HESITATION got okay don't nine have the framework let's start to understand some ask some and it so I'm the first set of questions are written I think around data we've heard from that previous speakers that the
more data that we have pops the better decisions that we can make from it so let me ask you a question what if what if old data was open what if you're buying freckles were open your %HESITATION you'll medical records everything you did please be opened those complete transparency I reminds me of a story from from Plato there's a there's a story from %HESITATION it one
of his books called the Republican exclude the ring of chi chi's I'm the the them guide uses a %HESITATION is a a shepherd and he finds this ring he puts on the ring and realizes how the power of invisibility on and misty what do you do when you have the power of anonymity what this guy does do you he %HESITATION %HESITATION he rapes equate basically can
kill the king and takes control of this the kingdom I'm that I'm so which was starting to see some of this %HESITATION this ad behavior I'll means that so people are anonymous Autolink people and and and didn't really heinous things so let's say I might make my account details to you I say DVD ability to take money out of my account I would put to happen
very quickly I think it's a question that is what they wanted but imagine they want to add to take someone out my account but let's say that that anybody that touches me Alta Bates was also made available so if you take some money out of my account than not they trees made publicly available to the rest of the the people so do you think that you
would take they try out my account of the site take money out of my account if you knew that that was made public I think in the in a world where there's more data more transparency more public had knowledge of update to them how to behave better towards itself I don't know the answers I'm maybe and the some research of the past decade about being able
to look at people's brains %HESITATION brain excavate activity and try to understand what the thinking so when I think about half full or a house much if some clever dude comes along and and and is able to do this at a distance Craig said devices able to look at people's brain waves and and identifies toxins to understand what I think what do you gather together all
of that all of the ad that that the gadgets the O. wiring you can start making some predict it's about a candle people thinking should that they to be made available I don't know I had a story recently and about the terms and conditions where as some %HESITATION some people in Canary Wharf work with providing some free wifi two people I put to access to this
free wifi you need to sign up to the terms instant conditions in that terms and conditions it said that we that we now have the right to your first born so I think about two hundred fifty people that I have now signed the rights that this one to this organization to get free like fuck so I I would encourage you to to let the to make
sure you read the terms and conditions and I said this raises a good point and it's been raised by some of the other speakers which is that perhaps some of the things that are inside these terms and conditions should be made more transparent to you guys what what can the companies do with the data that collecting who are they selling it to end in the same
way that we had that we had %HESITATION complex food labels and it's very very difficult to understand when the screws that were consuming opted for us all but froze at the governor's legislated we have to have these labels on the nafta CMH salt and sugar and things like are enough food and perhaps we also need the same thing for items and conditions so the second set
of questions I want to ask all about inferences about extracting inferences from from data who owns these inferences when when I signed up my my %HESITATION at my day for a wave to the organization I tell them my name and my address and things like that and I still have the right to know what information that the organization has about me let's say the organization make
some inferences about me and it makes inferences about when I might die or and when I'm having a fat or something like that should I have the right to the information to I don't know %HESITATION imagine if we %HESITATION if if we were able to to in James case help people understand that the health problems before they become %HESITATION I've that document to sysop to society
so this question about who owns the inference is I think he's a very interesting one that what what happens if we create albums dot prejudice who's responsible for creating racist albums alright so if you if you want to go and %HESITATION I guess some insurance that the some album that deciding whether or not you should have insurance I'll put the album is using the color of
your skin les mis city a popular sex to determine whether shoot you should have in insurance and I such a very difficult to look inside albums and see how the making these inferences so who's responsible for those imprints I don't I don't know the answer and finally %HESITATION and finally decision making okay so decision making is really hot it's hard for humans it's hard for computers
and that at the moment I guess they big data is used to decide what to us to show you into what products you might like to buy or not buy but at some point we're gonna start to get %HESITATION systems computers making some more complex decisions Flores and eventually we can start to embody the cyst %HESITATION in %HESITATION the these off machine intelligence systems in in
in machines in robots and that so maybe wanted to try and get a robot to help us understand how to you and poverty voted to end cancer does anybody know a simple answer to ending cult poverty lending comes and humans I have so we have to be very careful about how much power we give %HESITATION we give to these things because of course the machine Conklin
she lives things in the in the way that we because the Congress understand as I heard that the question we want you to and come so I and poverty with all of these are the constraints don't don't destroy the world and and and don't kill people we automatically assume those things because of lots of fat what lots of evolution and all of these prior knowledge so
data I think he's for our telogen and I think that what was once science fiction of the next decade well in those intelligently interacting with the world what will happen is the world is going to start %HESITATION intelligently with us I'm the and he's going to change everything he really is icon imagine some of the innovations in amazing things I in our generation's lifetime that is
